Question -1
a) Compare Raster and Vector Graphics. (6 M)
The main difference between vector and raster graphics is that raster graphics are composed of pixels, while vector graphics are composed of paths. A raster graphic, such as a gif or jpeg, is an array of pixels of various colors, which together form an image.
Vector Graphics making use of sequential commands or mathematical statements or programs which place lines or shapes in a 2-D or 3-D environment.
b) What are the differences between Photoshop and Illustrator (4 M)
Raster Graphics
- Using Photography
- Designing a Website
- Manipulating Images
Vector Graphics
- General Graphical Design
- High-Quality Prints
- Creating Animations
d) List and describe the three file formats used in Raster Graphics. (6 M)
There are different types of raster files: JPG, GIF, and PNG are examples.
JPEGs might be the most common file type you run across on the web, and JPEGs are known for their "lossy" compression, meaning that the quality of the image decreases as the file size decreases.
PNGs are amazing for interactive documents such as web pages but are not suitable for print. While PNGs are "lossless," meaning you can edit them and not lose quality, they are still low resolution.
GIFs are most common in their animated form, which are all the rage on Tumblr pages and in banner ads. GIFs are formed from up to 256 colors in the RGB colorspace. Due to the limited number of colors, the file size is drastically reduced.
Question -2
a) Briefly explain about primary, secondary and intermediate colors. (6 M)
Primary Colours - These are colours that cannot be created through the mixing of other colours. They are colours in their own right. The three primary colours can be seen below RED - YELLOW - BLUE.
Secondary colour can be produced by mixing other colours. The three secondary colors (green, orange and purple) are created by mixing two primary colors.
Intermediate Colors are obtained by mixing two primary colors in unequal proportions. The intermediate colors are yellow-green, blue-green, blue-violet, red violet, red-orange and yellow-orange. In a color wheel, the intermediate colors are placed between primary and secondary colors.
b) Briefly explain RGB, CMYK and Grayscale (6 M)
RGB (Red, Green and Blue) is the color space for digital images. Use the RGB color mode if we design is supposed to be displayed on any kind of screen. A light source within a device creates any color we need by mixing red, green and blue and varying their intensity.
This would go for anything that involves computers, smartphones, tablets, TVs, cameras, etc.
CMYK (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Key/Black) is the color space for printed materials.
A printing machine creates images by combining CMYK colors to varying degrees with physical ink.
Use CMYK for any project design that will be physically printed, not viewed on a screen. If we need to recreate our design with ink or paint, the CMYK color mode will give us more accurate results.
Grayscale is a range of shades of gray without apparent color. The darkest possible shade is black, which is the total absence of transmitted or reflected light. The lightest possible shade is white, the total transmission or reflection of light at all visible wavelengths
c) What is the different between Tint & Shade in colours. (4 M)
added. Pastel colors are generally tinted colors. Tinted color remains the same color, but it is paler than the original.
Shade is a hue or mixture of pure colors to which only black is added. It contains no white or gray. Shade darkens the color, but the hue remains the same.
d) Briefly describe about Color Wheel. (4 M)
The color wheel is a tool that can be used to select coordinating color schemes. A circle shape that is divided equally in to 12 sections, with
each section displaying a different color according to its pigment value.
As all colors are created from the three primary colors (red, green and blue), the primary colors are shown forming a triangle within the color wheel. The color wheel shows the relationship between the primary colors, secondary colors, and complementary colors.
Question -3
a) List down five (05) advantages of using layers in graphic design software (5 M)
- We can take anything back anytime
- We can try different edits to a photo
- We can play with transparency and layer blending
- We can edit your added text, shapes, or pictures later at any time
- A new road to multi-exposures
b) How do you select an exact color from one image to another (to match) in Adobe Photoshop? (4 M)
Make sure that the layer we want to target (apply the color adjustment to) is active, and then choose Image > Adjustments > Match Color.
From the Source menu in the Image Statistics area of the Match Color dialog box, make sure that the image in the Source menu is the same as the target image.
Use the Layer menu to choose the layer whose colors we want to match. We can also choose Merged from the Layer menu to match the colors from all the layers.
c) Write short note on following tools used in Adobe Photoshop (6 M)
The Lasso tool is used for selections where there is no pre-defined
shape. Unlike the Marquee Tool where we can select areas using circles and rectangles, the Lasso tool gives us more freedom in the shapes we select.
ii) Magic Wand
The Magic Wand tool, is one of the oldest selection tools in Photoshop.
Unlike other selection tools that select pixels in an image based on shapes or by detecting object edges, the Magic Wand selects pixels based on tone and color.
The History Brush uses a previous state or snapshot of an image.
The tool makes a copy of the image as it was in a previous state, then uses the content of this copy to paint with.
d) Briefly explain about "Typography" (5 M)
The arrangement of type involves selecting typefaces, point sizes, line lengths, line-spacing (leading), and letter-spacing (tracking), and adjusting the space between pairs of letters (kerning).
Question -4
a) What are the differences between impact and non-impact printers?
b) What are the advantages of Laser printers? (5 M)
- Fast printing speed
- Suitable for mass printing, low cost
- Long-term non-printing effect will not change
- The machine is relatively stable
- Low quality requirements for paper
c) Briefly explain about "Color Separation" and "Four color printing process" (5 M)
Color separation is the process by which original full-color digital files are separated into individual color components for four-color process printing. Every element in the file is printed in a combination of four colors: cyan, magenta, yellow, and black, known as CMYK in the world of commercial printing.
This used to be done with photographic film on a graphic arts camera, but is usually done digitally with software now. By combining these four ink colors, a wide spectrum of colors can be produced on the printed page.
In the four-color printing process, each of the four color separations is applied to a separate printing plate and placed on one cylinder of a printing press.
As sheets of paper run through the printing press, each plate transfers an image in one of the four colors to the paper. The colors — which are applied as minuscule dots — combine to produce a full-color image.
d) What is the most suitable printing method that can be used for followings designs. (5 M)
i. Full Colour Brochure
Offset lithography, Also known as offset printing. offset lithography is a very popular method of mass-production printing. It involves printing plates, usually made from aluminium, which each hold an image of the content that needs to be printed.
ii. Commercial Cutouts / Banners
Digital printing, Digital printing is the reproduction of digital images on physical surface, such as common or photographic paper, film, cloth, plastic, etc.
iii. T-Shirt Letters / Artworks Prints
Screen printing, is a printing technique where fine material or mesh is used to transfer an image onto another material. (eg: clothes, pieces of fabric, paper and metal)
iv. Plastic Packing
Flexographic printing is the modern version of letterpress printing and is commonly used for printing on uneven surfaces. (eg: plastic, cellophane and metallic film)
v. Five page report
Laser printing is an electrostatic digital printing process. It produces high-quality text and graphics.
Question -5
a) Write short notes for any five (05) of following titles. (5 X 4 M)
i. Copyright
fixed number of years, to print, publish, perform, film, or record literary, artistic, or musical material.
ii. Plagiarism
Plagiarism is presenting someone else’s work or ideas as your own, with or without their consent, by incorporating it into your work without full acknowledgement.
iii. Image Resolution
Resolution is the number of pixels (individual points of color) contained on an image, expressed in terms of the number of pixels on the horizontal axis and the number on the vertical axis.
In digital imaging, a pixel,
pel, dots, or picture element is a physical point in a raster image, or
the smallest addressable element in an all
points
addressable display device.
v. ".ai" file type
'ai' files are primarily a vector-based format, though they can also include embedded or linked raster images. AI is a proprietary vector image format that stands for Adobe Illustrator. The format is based on both the EPS and PDF standards developed by Adobe.
vi. ".jpg (.jpeg)" file type
JPEG is a lossy raster format that stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group, the technical team that developed it. This is one of the most widely used formats online, typically for photos, email graphics and large web images like banner ads.
vii. Color depth
Also known as bit depth, is either the number of bits used to indicate the color of a single pixel, in a bitmapped image or video frame buffer, or the number of bits used for each color component of a single pixel.
Question -6
a) What are the differences between Digital printing and Offset Printing?
- Balance
- Alignment
- Colour and space
- Proximity
- Rhythm
- Contrast
- Hierarchy
Alignment is one of the most basic, but most important principles of design, as it allows our eyes to see order, which is quite comforting to a reader.
Ever viewed a design and not known where to look? Left, right, centered? Having a strong point of alignment within design allows our eyes to seamlessly flow through the visual message.
Aligning elements which are not in close proximity with each other can provide an invisible connection, communicating the idea that they belong to the same piece.
c) To identify the client needs, list five (05) questions to ask your client before start the graphic project (5 M)
- “What are the strengths of your company?”
- “Who are your top competitors?”
- “What’s the inspiration behind this project?”
- “What are you trying to achieve?”
- “Who is your target customer?”
d) What are the values of project planning? (5 M)
- Leadership Skills
- Effective Communication
- Problem Solver
- Knowledge of other Frameworks
- Credibility
No comments:
Post a Comment